I. The Purposes of a Man's Heart are Deep Waters (19:1-9)
* This drawing in public domain from a book by Langendijk, Pieter (1683-1756) is titled "Jan Luikens Kunsttafereelen der eerste Christenen / in dichtmaat verklaard door Pieter Langendyk ; verrykt met byschriften onder de prentverbeeldingen door Claas Bruin"
The titled is "Martin Cuts His Cloak in Half for the Poor Man". It is a depiction of Saint Martin of Tours cutting his military cloak in half and giving half to the poor beggar nearby. The beggar accepts the gift while onlookers marvel at Martin's generosity.
Courtesy of the Digital Image Archive, Pitts Theology Library, Candler School of Theology, Emory University: http://www.pitts.emory.edu.
>1. What does the Bible define as blameless and how much value does it place on it?
* Proverbs 19:1 "Better a poor man whose walk is blameless than a fool whose lips are perverse."
* "Better a poor man"
* "whose walk is blameless"
* "than a fool"
* "whose lips are perverse."
* Blameless in God's eyes is to maintain spiritual and moral integrity even if it means sacrificing or not gaining what I desire or believe I need. A person of integrity adheres to the code of conduct taught by Jesus, the apostles, the prophets, and Moses. They are steadfast to the truth.
Jesus was blameless when the devil told Jesus that he could have all the authority and splendor of the kingdoms of the world if he worshipped him. Jesus refused for his desire was to worship God. "Worship the Lord your God," Jesus answered, "and serve him only." (Luke 4:5-8)
"By faith Moses, when he had grown up, refused to be known as the son of Pharaoh's daughter. He chose to be mistreated along with the people of God rather than to enjoy the pleasures of sin for a short time. He regarded disgrace for the sake of Christ as of greater value than the treasures of Egypt, because he was looking ahead to his reward." (Hebrews 11:24-26)
The apostles left everything; family, house, wealth, and occupation to be with Jesus in common daily life. They considered being poor and walking with the Messiah better than these. They were people of integrity. The Jewish religious leaders were fools whose lips were perverse. They mocked and ridiculed Jesus and his poor disciples.
If I am to be a man of integrity I will at times in my life be at least willing to be blameless and walk with the Messiah than having the riches of the world and talk with perverse lips.
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:1.
>What is zeal and how can it be misplaced?
* Proverbs 19:2 "It is not good to have zeal without knowledge, nor to be hasty and miss the way."
* "zeal without knowledge"
* "hasty and miss the way."
* Zeal is enthusiastic devotion to a cause, an ideal, or a goal and tireless diligence in its furtherance. (AHD, American Heritage Dictionary)
* Zeal and enthusiasm are emotions that have not been the subject of a proverb until now. Some English translations have the first half of the proverb as "the soul without knowledge is not good." While other translations have, "it is not good to have zeal without knowledge." The second is clearer considering the rest of the proverb, "nor to be hasty (with feet) and miss the way (and sin)."
Zeal here is enthusiastic devotion to a cause, an ideal, or a goal and tireless diligence in its furtherance and growth. Zeal is not bad when I have all the facts and understand them correctly. However, if I do not know everything and thus am not in the truth, then I could bring harm to my loved ones, myself, my friends, and society.
Billy Graham was once asked, "What would you do if you believed that Jesus was coming in seven years?" He answered, "I would study the Bible for six years, and then if I still believe it preach the gospel for one year." So many prior generations have been fooled by doctrines and political ideologies because they do not study the Bible or walk in the Spirit of God.
An expert is praised until their facts are proven lacking truth. "The first to present his case seems right, till another comes forward and questions him." (18:17, 19:9, 21:28)
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:2.
>When things go wrong as to our own making who do we usually blame?
* Proverbs 19:3 "A man's own folly ruins his life, yet his heart rages against the LORD."
* "A man's own folly"
* "ruins his life"
* "his heart rages against the LORD."
* Decisions I make every moment affect my present and future. It does not matter if they are small or major for even a small decision can have a major impact on my future. Any foolish decision I make can ruin my life. A small devastating foolish decision is easily forgotten. Though the effect is blamed on another including God it is my small forgotten folly that is usually to blame. My past folly is often the cause of trouble and hardship I am and will experience. As this proverb declares the truth, "A person's own folly ruins his life..."
Blaming others and God is a character quality that is common to all humanity. The remedy for correcting poor habits starts with stepping into the light. Self-awareness and responsibility for my decisions and life choices are part of stepping into the light. The fear of God and accepting I am to blame for my own troubles are the result. If I rage against the Lord God I will only continue the painful habitual life choice that ruin my life.
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:3.
>2. What are the effects of wealth and poverty that are opposites to each?
* Proverbs 19:4 "Wealth brings many friends, but a poor man's friend deserts him."
* "Wealth"
* "brings many friends"
* "a poor man's friend"
* "deserts him."
* The proverb's observation, "Wealth brings many friends" has been experienced by all human society mostly because we want and expect something from our rich friend. Since the things that money buys can bring momentary happiness to a person's demeanor and conduct, then these too attract momentary friends. We want to share in the momentary experience that money can create. These are also the reasons why a poor man's friend deserts him. There is nothing to gain from him.
However, the experience that money can bring can also be the polar opposite. This is true because of the selfish sinful nature. Suspicion, fear, depression, and anxiety can also be a daily experience of wealth and the friends it generates. Since these emotions and thought patterns affect a person's demeanor - they can repel others - the richer a person is the more they get tired of burying these till they are seen as anti-social, rude, and abstinent. The momentary friends leave them for someone else. At the end of life most extremely wealthy and poor share the same fate, they are exceedingly lonely.
A satisfying life experience can be found that is not tied to an excess or a lack of wealth. Paul wrote, "I have learned to be content whatever the circumstances. I know what it is to be in need, and I know what it is to have plenty. I have learned the secret of being content in any and every situation, whether well-fed or hungry, whether living in plenty or in want. I can do everything through him who gives me strength." (Philippians 4:11-13) Verse 19:23 reveals the secret to obtaining this content, "The fear of the LORD leads to life: Then one rests content, untouched by trouble." (Proverbs 19:23)
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:4.
>What are the different ways that the proverb-prophecy in verse 5 is fulfilled?
* Proverbs 19:5 "A false witness will not go unpunished, and he who pours out lies will not go free."
* "A false witness"
* "will not go unpunished"
* "he who pours out lies"
* "will not go free."
* The proverb in this verse and the proverb in verse 9 are nearly identical. Repeating in the Bible is a way to stress the importance of adherence. A false witness who pours out lies is one of the six things the Lord hates (6:16-19). A false witness is obviously one who lies except if a false witness lies are believed then it will directly harm another. Lying about another destroys families and society. The road to earthly hell is paved with lies about others.
Lies are very serious because living in a society of fear breeds lies and this will destroy that society. The society under Stalin, Hitler, and Mussolini was maintained with lies and false witnesses. Suppressed truth is the fertilizer for suffering and oppression.
How many times will I lie today? Will I participate in gossip? Even a slight deviation from the truth is the same as no truth. Jesus came full of grace and truth. (John 1:14) Will I today? Jesus prays for me, "Sanctify them by the truth; your word is truth." (John 17:17) Lord, may no lies be on my lips today. I intend to be a true witness.
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:5.
>Is the friends that money true friends?
* Proverbs 19:6 "Many curry favor with a ruler, and everyone is the friend of a man who gives gifts."
* "Many curry favor"
* "with a ruler"
* "everyone is the friend of"
* "a man who gives gifts."
* One bored pre-teenage day I noticed a book with a long title in the small bookcase in our living room. I had never seen my mother read a newspaper let alone a book. However, I learned that this was hers. It was titled, "How to Win Friends and Influence People" by Dale Carnegie. She was a newspaper ad saleswoman. I began reading it. I smile when I think about it because it revealed things about my mother that I subconsciously knew. I was onto her mindset and thus learned how to irritate her when she tried to manipulate me into doing something for her. She eventually realized that if she just asked me I would do it.
The general theme of the book is how to manipulate people by being kind to them - the intent to later influence them to do things that will greatly benefit me at their great expense. This falls alongside this proverb's theme, "currying favor of the powerful" and "friends for hire". This is not quick pro quo (a favor for a favor) for the manipulated is not aware of the selfish ploy.
Jesus teaches something similar and yet different than the "favor by manipulation" and "quick pro quo". He taught, "I tell you, use worldly wealth to gain friends for yourselves, so that when it is gone, you will be welcomed into eternal dwellings." (Luke 16:9) Unselfishly use what God gives me to gain friends with only the hope of eternal dwelling in paradise with God and the friends I make now.
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:6.
>3. What influence does poverty have on a person's social life?
* Proverbs 19:7 "A poor man is shunned by all his relatives-- how much more do his friends avoid him! Though he pursues them with pleading, they are nowhere to be found."
* "A poor man" -Either self-imposed by poor decisions or by events beyond their control.
* "is shunned by all his relatives" -Everyone generally thinks the worse of those that have less because of pride.
* "how much more do his friends avoid him" -The nature of the avoidance is not defined in this proverb. That is designed in the proverb with the intent to self-examination.
* "Though he pursues them with pleading, they are nowhere to be found." -Despertetly seeks others help sometimes because they do not know what to do and other times they are seeking a hand-out with no strings attached.
* Job, a righteous man was left all alone when disaster struck. His wife and friends deserted him after his riches and prosperity were taken. (Job 2:9-10) Like the man in this proverb, his family hated him and his friends kept their distance. No one helped him.
Who listens to a poor man? Everyone thinks he is an immoral and ridiculous fool. Job, a righteous man was left all alone on a pile of rubble with sores all over his body. He was shunned and disgraced. Thus, a man is often afraid to tell his wife and friends that he was released from his employment. His occupation and standing are usually the essence of a man's self-identity.
When three men had heard of what happened to Job they came to see if it was true. Instead of being a comfort to Job they tried to convince him that all this happened because of some unknown sin. With many words, he tried to convince them otherwise, but Job's friends only expressed disdain. A true friend and spouse stand with a man when all falls apart.
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:7.
>What are the practical benefits of wisdom and understanding? (8)
* Proverbs 19:8 "He who gets wisdom loves his own soul; he who cherishes understanding prospers."
* "He who gets wisdom" -Wisdom can be obtained by all to varying degrees.
* "loves his own soul" -Love of self can be determined by one's pursuit. This proverb states that the person who pursues wisdom loves them self.
* "he who cherishes" -Cherish is defined as, "to treat with affection and tenderness; to hold ear; to keep fondly in mind. (AHD, American Heritage Dictionary)
* "understanding prospers" -Determining the natural laws and principles established by God in nature. Knowing the natural and social environments.
>How is the proverb in verse 9 similar and different than the proverb in verse 5?
* Proverbs 19:9 "A false witness will not go unpunished, and he who pours out lies will perish."
* "A false witness will not go unpunished" -Same as verse 5.
* "he who pours out lies will perish." -Different than verse 5.
* "Will not go free" in verse 5 is "will perish" in verse 9. Verse 5 may include punishment in this life as well as the next. Verse 9 is the final punishment after the end of physical existance.
II. Kindness to the Poor = Lends to the Lord (19:10-19)
* This drawing in public domain from a book by Leclerc, Jean, (fl. 1573-1627) is titled "Figures des histoires de la Saincte Bible, accompagnees de briefs discours : contenans la plus grande partie des histoires sacrées du Vieil & Nouueau Testament, & des oeuures admirables du Dieu viuant, createur de ciel & de la terre, & de Iesu-Christ son fils vnique nostre sauueur & redemteur. : Pour l'exercice ordinaire des ames deuotes & contemplatives. : Le tout dedié au Roy tres-chrestien"
The titled is "Job's Admirable Patience". Job sits on the ground as his friends argue over the meaning of the calamities that have befallen him, which are alluded to in the background. To the right, the house of Job's eldest son has collapsed, killing all of Job's children. To the left of this, the Sabeans and the Chaldeans carry off his livestock, and a building, perhaps a stable, is consumed by fire. God and the devil is depicted in the clouds.
Courtesy of the Digital Image Archive, Pitts Theology Library, Candler School of Theology, Emory University: http://www.pitts.emory.edu.
>4. When and how might a fool live in luxury?
* Proverbs 19:10 "It is not fitting for a fool to live in luxury-- how much worse for a slave to rule over princes!"
* "It is not fitting for"
* "a fool to live in luxury"
* "how much worse for"
* "a slave to rule over princes!"
* The fool ("kesil" in Hebrew) in the Bible is a person who is unwise, lazy, and ungodly. Their behavior is folly due to their life-perspective and lifestyle choices. They are thoughtless and self-centered. They do not concern themself with nor fear God. They claim that either they do not believe in God or that God is an invention of mankind. (Psalm 14:1; Isaiah 32:6) Luxury living is not fitting for a fool.
This proverb uses this to help the reader understand the second half, "how much worse for a slave to rule over princes!" A slave (common in the ancient world) is a person totally responsible to and dependent upon another person. A slave will eventually develop a mentality that I don't understand - they often will barely do what they must and usually care little about their part in the project or society. Most usually lacked self-dignity and do not learn to think for themselves because others teach them that their thoughts do not matter. The Bible and history show that a slave who becomes a ruler will usually become a tyrant. (17:2 29:2; Isaiah 3:4)
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:10.
>What is the Biblical definition of patience and overlooking an offense?
* Proverbs 19:11 "A man's wisdom gives him patience; it is to his glory to overlook an offense."
* "A man's wisdom gives him"
* "patience"
* "it is to his glory to"
* "overlook an offense."
* Patience is one of those character qualities that is celebrated and yet hard to master. How to be patient when something is desired? How to be patient when justice is wanted? How to be patient when the end is delayed? This proverb says wisdom gives patience. How?
Since patience is better than pride according to Ecclesiastes 7:8 I can begin to understand this proverb. Pride says, "I can obtain what I desire. I will bring justice. I will end this." When my flaws either do not succeed in obtaining these, impatience is born and grows. Pride kills patience.
Wisdom is to trust in God. He then through the Spirit provides patience as I wait for him to bring about that which is needed and desired. (2 Corinthians 6:6; Galatians 522) I can look over an offense because I know that God knows the offense and will settle accounts on the day of justice. He may even help the offender accept his error and apologize. Until then I know that God will remain on my side. Thus, overlooking an offense is to my glory.
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:11.
>If you were in the wild and suddenly hear a loud lion roar how would you feel?
* Proverbs 19:12 "A king's rage is like the roar of a lion, but his favor is like dew on the grass."
* "A king's rage"
* "is like the roar of a lion" -Sudden deep to the bones fear.
* "his favor is like dew on the grass."
* Solomon again presents a proverb concerning a king (14:28, 35, 16:10, 14, 15) and will do so again in future chapters. This time he compares a king's rage and his favor. The roar of a lion brings fear to the person in the wild. So does the rage of monarchy rule. Walking on dew-laden grass is soothing to the soles of feet as much as a manicure is. Such is the favor of a monarch.
The reign of King Jesus comes to mind. I can learn here about the rule of the Messiah. My response to this should be obvious. Honor, respect, and love King Jesus. As Peter wrote, "But they will have to give account to him who is ready to judge the living and the dead. For this is the reason the gospel was preached even to those who are now dead, so that they might be judged according to men in regard to the body, but live according to God in regard to the spirit." (1 Peter 4:5-6) And as Paul wrote, "... Christ Jesus, who will judge the living and the dead, and in view of his appearing and his kingdom.." (2 Timothy 4:1)
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:12.
>5. What is the response to the sole sound of a constant drip in the middle of the night?
* Proverbs 19:13 "A foolish son is his father's ruin, and a quarrelsome wife is like a constant dripping."
* "A foolish son is his father's ruin"
* "a quarrelsome wife"
* "is like a constant dripping."
* A foolish son in the Bible is one who does not fear nor love God. (28:7) Thus, his lifestyle choices are to his eventual ruin. His parents are grieved and bitter. Calamity follows their broken hearts. (10:1; 17:25) As in previous proverbs on this subject I think of my relationship to God my heavenly father. Are my lifestyle choices as he prescribes in the Word of God? Jesus said, "If you love me you will keep my commands." (John 14:15)
The relationship between a husband and wife is also examined in this proverb. (also 27:15) Dissension is a part of all relationships. Differences of opinion come to even the best marriages. Disagreements are not to be ignored. The couple needs to work out the contention through prayer and respectful and loving dialogues.
Many Christian-based books have been written on this. They all agree that closure is needed even though one may not like the conclusion. While the husband can sacrifice his position and will to his wife, a wife can submit to her husband's position and will. Either way, the discord can come to a close.
However, if the wife relinquishes her position to her husband's decision one day, and then later starts the quarrel again, she brings an escalated contention to their marriage covenant. Her voice becomes like a constant dripping in the middle of the night. Driving her husband either to anger or he runs to the corner of the roof. (21:9) Is the submission of the bride of Christ final and forever? Or do I submit one day and then relent my submission the next? Choose today whom you will serve. (Joshua 24:15)
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:13.
* This drawing in public domain is drawing by W. Westall, A.R.A. and engraved by E. Francis.
The titled is "Canterbury". A depiction of Canterbury as seen from St. Stephen's road. The high towers of the cathedral are visible behind smaller, low buildings with a large pasture of sheep grazing in the foreground.
Courtesy of the Digital Image Archive, Pitts Theology Library, Candler School of Theology, Emory University: http://www.pitts.emory.edu.
>What does the proverb in verse 14 reveal about having a prudent wife?
* Proverbs 19:14 "Houses and wealth are inherited from parents, but a prudent wife is from the LORD."
* "Houses and wealth"
* "are inherited from parents"
* "a prudent wife"
* "is from the LORD."
* Death is a part of life as much as breathing. When parents die perhaps the children will receive an inheritance including their parent's home and all that their parents acquired. Often this divides children, the subject of another proverb. The point of this proverb is parents leave gifts to their children and grandchildren when they die.
God gives gifts too. Among the best gifts is a prudent wife. A prudent wife is hard to find. She is a precious jewel on top of a pile of limestone, a flower in a field of thorns, and the moon in the night's starry sky. If a man is to find a prudent wife, she is his because the Lord God has brought her to him. God has brought such a wife to me. A man is to thank God and love her for life.
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:14.
>What is a shiftless person like?
* Proverbs 19:15 "Laziness brings on deep sleep, and the shiftless man goes hungry."
* "Laziness"
* "brings on deep sleep"
* "the shiftless"
* "goes hungry."
* Laziness, ambition, purpose, energy, and will merit the thought of today's proverb. Slothfulness is the old English term that describes a person who lacks ambition, purpose, and will. The lazy have extremely low willpower. Having willpower is the mental faculty by which one deliberately chooses or decides upon a course of action. I can deliberately decide to be lazy. This naturally leads to sleeping a lot, perhaps all day.
Physical reasons also exist that can steal a person's energy and perhaps can physically be cured. But often a lazy person just hasn't decided to find a purpose for today. The problem is that laziness can quickly and easily develop into a bad habit that leads to hunger pains. The shiftless person goes hungry.
The cure to the slothful mindset is found in the ant. "Go to the ant, you sluggard; consider its ways and be wise! It has no commander, no overseer or ruler, yet it stores its provisions in summer and gathers its food at harvest. How long will you lie there, you sluggard? When will you get up from your sleep? A little sleep, a little slumber, a little folding of the hands to rest-- and poverty will come on you like a bandit and scarcity like an armed man. (6:6-11) Find a purpose for today, get up, and accomplish it, then you will find satisfaction if you repeat this every day.
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:15.
>6. What does it mean to be contemptuous of our ways?
* Proverbs 19:16 "He who obeys instructions guards his life, but he who is contemptuous of his ways will die."
* "He who obeys instructions guards his life"
* "he who is contemptuous of his ways"
* "will die."
* Humans are born with character, feelings, instincts, a basic perception of right and wrong, as well as a strong nature to commit wrong and resist right. We are conceived with an inconclusive perception of God and a sustaining desire for God. (Matthew 9:36, 14:14, 15:32) We inherit that which is imperfect and willfully contribute to the mess called sin. (John 1:5) We often live groping through the heavy night in the thick of day. There is a way that seems right but in the end, it leads to death. (14:12, 16:25)
Hope exists in darkness. God determines where each person will live so that we will come to know him. The Lord provides the circumstances for us to escape the night and see the light of day. In many ways, he instructs the way to live. "Come to me," he says, "All you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest." (Matthew 11:28) He who obeys these instructions guards their life. They that are contemptuous of his ways will die.
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:16.
>What is one way that we can build treasures in the afterlife in heaven?
* Proverbs 19:17 "He who is kind to the poor lends to the LORD, and he will reward him for what he has done."
* "He who is kind to the poor" -Charity is a basic Biblical teaching.
* "lends" -"Lawa" in the original Hebrew (a transliteration) is a primitive root word. Lending (banking) is a included in the Law given to Israel through Moses. Exodus 22:25, Leviticus 25:37, and Deuteronomy 15:8 distinguishes between lending to God's people without interest and a moneylender who charges interest. At times even God's people will need charity and/or take out a loan.
* "to the LORD" -The LORD will be obliged by his nature to repay good for good. Jesus confirms this.
* "he will reward him for what he has done." -Not only will the Lord repay, but his will reward.
* Solomon's proverb and Jesus' parable "The Sheep and the Goats" agree that the Lord God, the King of the Universe takes notice when people are kind to the poor. The proverb equates it with lending to the LORD. God rewards kindness to the poor.
Jesus proclaimed that when he comes again in his glory with all the angels with him, he will sit on his throne in heavenly glory to judge mankind. (Mathew 25:31) He will separate the sheep and the goats. (Matthew 25:32) Proverbs calls the goats rebellious fools and the sheep the righteous wise. The King will then say to the sheep on judgment day, "Come and take your inheritance, the kingdom prepared for you since the creation of the world. I tell you the truth, whatever you did for one of the least of these brothers of mine, you did for me." (Matthew 25:34, 40)
The rebellious fools will be told to go away to eternal punishment. "Whatever you did not do for one of the least of these," they will hear, "you did not do for me." Then they will go away to eternal punishment, but the righteous to eternal life. (Matthew 25:45-46)
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:17.
>7. What is Biblical discipline? (18)
* Proverbs 19:18 "Discipline your son, for in that there is hope; do not be a willing party to his death."
* "Discipline your son" -Reward, training, and punishment included. Discipline is a means to improve our children and ourselves. Discipline helps us overcome sinful and harmful impulses.
* "for in that there is hope" -Hope does not guarantee.
* "do not be a willing party to his death." -A parent before anyone else or even society in general for the raising and educating of their children.
>What is Biblical punishment? (19)
* Proverbs 19:19 "A hot-tempered man must pay the penalty; if you rescue him, you will have to do it again."
* "A hot-tempered man" -See also Proverbs 14:16-17, 29, and 15:18.
* "must pay the penalty" -The Hebrew is "nasa onesh" meaning "endure punishment".
* "if you rescue him" -The Hebrew is "nasal" meaning relief from suffering brought on by wrong doing.
* "you will have to do it again." -Implying that punishment does have a positive result that if not fully enforced will do nothing to change the hot-tempered person.
* While discipline is the subject of the first proverb, punishment is the subject of the second proverb. Discipline has a goal and purpose; that is make one better through training. Discipline controls behavior by forming a new beneficial habit. Discipline is the tool of military commanders, sports coaches, mentors, and parents. Discipline can also be self-applied as I discussed in previous BDBDs concerning discipline. (1:2,7, 3:11, 5:12,23, 5:23, 6:23, 10:17, 12:1, 13:18,24, 15:5,10,32) I believe that the person who imposes discipline on another must first impose the same discipline on themselves. Doing so should keep discipline from becoming torture.
Punishment only has a purpose; that is to instill fear as a deterrent and to protect the innocent. Thomas Jefferson said, "Morality... may be instilled into their minds." Mostly punishment is a penalty imposed for wrongdoing. "The severity of the punishment must... be in keeping with the kind of obligation which has been violated," wrote Simone Weil. Just as self-discipline is possible, so self-punishment is possible. The latter is not wisdom for Christ Jesus, the spiritual doctor came to the sick to bring the sinner to repentance. (Luke 5:32) Repentance in the presence of God and men is far better than self-punishment.
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:18-19.
III. The Lord's Purpose Prevails (19:20-29)
* This drawing in public domain is drawing by W. Westall, A.R.A. and engraved by John Roffe.
The titled is "Canterbury". A depiction of the Mickle Gate Bar in York. The gate is shown as a large stone archway with a crenelated tower behind it. The tower appears to be part of a larger structure, with a crenelated wall connecting it to other buildings. People are shown walking through the arch and visiting a nearby shop.
Courtesy of the Digital Image Archive, Pitts Theology Library, Candler School of Theology, Emory University: http://www.pitts.emory.edu.
>8. What different ways do people learn and which one is presented in verse 20?
* Proverbs 19:20 "Listen to advice and accept instruction, and in the end you will be wise."
* "Listen to advice" -"Shama esa" in the original Hebrew (a transliteration) is a primitive root word meaning take unto one's self. Carefully consider what others say. This does not say that we should accept and do all the adbice we obtain.
* "accept instruction" -"Qaabal musar" in the original Hebrew (a transliteration) which includes both instruction and correction.
* The general teaching today says that people learn in one of four ways: listening (hearing), perceiving (seeing), tactile (touch), and doing.
* We learn whether we know it or not all our life. As we age we often slow down our self edjucation often because of pride and arrogance.
* God did not intend for his children to isolate themselves. Part of his creation design is to mimic the relationship between God the Father, Son, and Spirit. He established a loving and respectful relationship between husband and wife. He commanded them to create a family. Groups of families establish a community under God's authority that is meant to glorify God and enjoy him forever.
Life events can lead a person to seek solitude that is detrimental. This proverb is not about the ills and benefits of a monistic vocation. Rather, it is about how the husband and wife, parents and children, and members of a community are to listen to each other's advice and accept instruction in loving and respectful relationships. This mimics the holy relationship between the triune God. This is the point of this proverb.
How does a husband and wife establish direction and resolve problems? How are the youth of a community to learn about maturing and becoming an adult? How are members of a community to properly function together? Open dialogue that truly listens to each other builds relationships, matrimony, families, and communities. If I seek wisdom and its benefits I will listen to the advice of mature Christians and accept instruction from the pure in heart.
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:20.
>What should be the response to the wisdom in verse 21?
* Proverbs 19:21 "Many are the plans in a man's heart, but it is the LORD's purpose that prevails."
* Previously stated in 16:1 and 9.
* Proverbs 16:1 "To man belong the plans of the heart, but from the LORD comes the reply of the tongue.
* Proverbs 16:9 "In his heart a man plans his course, but the LORD determines his steps."
* I plan for the future based on the commands, direction, and advice in the Bible. Making plans is a good lifestyle. It is wisdom exercised and an ingredient to success. My plans could be for the day's routines and needed chores. Today could be laundry day, shopping day, yardwork day, and baseball practice after school day. My plans include important life events like marriage, having children, occupation, and retirement. These are the plans in my heart and mind (Ieb in Hebrew).
However, I always am aware that things seldom go according to my plans. Even when I plan with contingencies those too may fail. "I spent most of my life making plans that never happened," goes an old saying.
My plans will always fail when they are not in line with the LORD's purpose for the LORD's purpose always prevails. Wisdom in plan-making is to seek the LORD's will and align my plans with his purpose for me. I plan for the future based on the commands, direction, and advice in the Bible.
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:21.
>Is there any exceptions to the desire for love?
* Proverbs 19:22 "What a man desires is unfailing love; better to be poor than a liar."
* "What a man desires"
* "unfailing love" -"Hesed" in the original Hebrew (a transliteration) meaning loving-kindness, mercy, and goodness.
* "better to be poor than a liar." -Honesty does not equate to finacial prosperity all the time.
* This proverb requires more thought and research than some others. Is it that a man desires kindness and unfailing love, or does it say that what makes a man desirable is kindness and unfailing love? The Hebrew is, "Taawa adam hesed" meaning "desire man loving-kindness." Since both are true, either could be the point in the first half of the proverb. Perhaps both truths are the subject of the first half since unfailing loving-kindness is so hard to find. (20:6)
Adding to the mystery of the proverb's meaning is that the second half seems to be unrelated to the first half. "Rush tob ish kazab" in the original Hebrew is translated as "poor man better man lying."
The joining precipice with a view to both halves is the life principle of unconditional and unfailing love for this supreme love contains pure honesty and holy kindness. This is why all desire God. The Lord God alone has infallible love. As a hummingbird speeds toward a flower, so I am drawn to God's unfailing love. Though Jesus was a poor traveling evangelist and Rabbi people from far and wide continually sought him out. I can always depend on Jesus' unfathomable depths of love. "God demonstrates his own love for us in this: While we were still sinners, Christ died for us." (Romans 5:8)
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:22.
>9. What progression is presented in the life-choice presented in verse 23?
* Proverbs 19:23 "The fear of the LORD leads to life: Then one rests content, untouched by trouble."
* "The fear of the LORD" -Comments exists in previous chapters in the book of Proverbs. (1:7, 2:5, 9:10, 10:27, 14:27, 15:16, 33, 16:6)
* Deuteronomy 10:12-13 "And now, O Israel, what does the LORD your God ask of you but to fear the LORD your God, to walk in all his ways, to love him, to serve the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul, and to observe the LORD's commands and decrees that I am giving you today for your own good?"
* Deuteronomy 31:12-13 "Assemble the people--men, women and children, and the aliens living in your towns--so they can listen and learn to fear the LORD your God and follow carefully all the words of this law. Their children, who do not know this law, must hear it and learn to fear the LORD your God as long as you live in the land you are crossing the Jordan to possess."
* Fear the Lord is perhaps the most common phrase in Proverbs appearing twelve times. It also is common in other books of the Old Testament, making it one of the most repeated phrases in the Bible. Yet, most people today do not ascribe to it. Those who believe in Christ cannot accept it or understand it probably because "fear the Lord" is found only twice in the New Testament (Acts 9:31, 19:17) though other passages including Jesus' teaching imply fearing God. Another reason is that to most "Fear the Lord" seems to be at odds with "...God so loved the world..."
Holman Bible Dictionary distinguishes between secular fear and religious fear. It states the former is the natural feeling of alarm caused by the expectation of imminent danger, pain, or disaster. HBD says secular fear rises in the normal activities and relationships of life. Animals also have secular fear.
Religious fear, the HBD defines is the result of awe and reverence toward a supreme power. The HBD declares that religious fear is the human response to the presence of God. Easton's Illustrated Dictionary states, "In the Old Testament the fear of the Lord is used as a designation of true piety. It is a fear conjoined with love and hope. It is therefore not a slavish dread, but rather filial reverence."
So does any of this help me understand and apply today's BDBD? Can I induce the fear of the LORD as it has been defined by HBD and EID? The only way I can think of is to concentrate my thoughts and emotions on my Maker and Owner, even sing songs of praise, pray, serve, and read his Word. When I do so then I truly do rest content, untouched by trouble.
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:23.
>What is the intention of the proverb in verse 24?
* Proverbs 19:24 "The sluggard buries his hand in the dish; he will not even bring it back to his mouth!"
* "The sluggard" -Also in Proverbs 6:4-12, 10:26, 13:4, 15:19, 20:4, 22:13, 24:30, and 26:13-16.
* "buries his hand in the dish" -Feeding himself. This can be applied to anything done to support oneself including physical, mental and emotional, and spiritual.
* "he will not even bring it back to his mouth!" -He lacks will and ambition.
* The laziness and slothful nature of the sluggard are embodied in a comical word image in this proverb. BDBD has defined a sluggard and presents a way to overcome this mindset in 6:6-8, 13:4, and 15:19. Thus far in the previous proverbs that address the sluggard lifestyle choice BDBD considered how and why to avoid it. Yet what do I do when an adult loved one has adopted the sluggard mentality? And what can be done to prevent this trap from capturing my child?
I can learn to help my loved one from how Jesus prepared his apostles to be spiritually productive when he departed. How does God enable a person to become a spiritual adult? Jesus taught by word, by example, by exercising his apostles spiritually, and he bathed them in prayer.
First, Jesus taught his disciples for the Word of God is living and active, a double-edged sword that penetrates even to dividing soul and spirit judging the thoughts and attitudes of the heart.
Second, Jesus brought his disciples with him so they could witness his interaction with people. Jesus taught by example.
Third, Jesus exercised his apostles by asking them tough questions like, "Who do you say I am," and giving them tough assignments like, "You give them something to eat."
Fourth, he prayed for them as can be seen in John 17:6-19 and Luke 22:32.
Lastly, when they were ready Jesus left them. Yet he did not leave them as orphans for he sent them the Spirit. I know a wealthy elderly lady who many years ago when her sons were of age told them that they must leave the house and truly become an adult. They resented her for that. Yet, years later they thanked her stating that by being on their own they were snapped out of the sluggard mindset. Hunger will eventually force a sluggard to pick food from the dish and put it in their mouth.
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:24.
>Is the instructions in verse 25 punishment or discipline?
* Proverbs 19:25 "Flog a mocker, and the simple will learn prudence; rebuke a discerning man, and he will gain knowledge."
* "Flog a mocker" -"Flog" is "naka" in the original Hebrew. "Mocker" is "lis" in the original Hebrew. (These are transliterations.) Refer to the comments on verse 29 below.
* "the simple will learn prudence" -"Prudence" means "careful management" and "economy". "Prudent" is "wise in handling practical matters", "exercising good judgment" or "common sense". Another meaning for "prudent" concerns one's own interest and/or conduct.
* "rebuke a discerning man"
* "he will gain knowledge."
* Judgment and punishment are very important to a healthy society and any human organization and group. The result is that the innocent, righteous, and weak are protected from mockers and fools. A mocker is a person who treats others with ridicule or contempt. They frustrate hopes and disrupt order and structure. They are engulfed with and invite hate. Their desire is to see that everyone else is just as miserable and distraught as they are.
The reason a mocker is born is that they have succumbed to their sinful nature. They have followed the stubbornness of their evil heart. (Genesis 6:5, Jeremiah 3:17) The mocker is described in Psalm 73:3-9, "Therefore pride is their necklace; they clothe themselves with violence. From their callous hearts comes iniquity; the evil conceits of their minds know no limits. They scoff, and speak with malice; in their arrogance they threaten oppression. Their mouths lay claim to heaven, and their tongues take possession of the earth." Surely society must judge and punish them to protect the innocent, righteous, and weak and to prevent others from making the same mistakes. Flog a mocker, and the simple will learn prudence.
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:25-29.
>10. What are different ways that children rob and drive out their parents?
* Proverbs 19:26 "He who robs his father and drives out his mother is a son who brings shame and disgrace."
* "He who robs his father"
* "drives out his mother"
* "is a son who" -"Son" is "ben" (a transliteration) which can refer to any offspring no matter the sex. It can also refer to an adapted child. Since "ben" comes from the primative root Hebrew word "banah" which means "the builder of the family name" it is more often translated as "son" instead of "child".
* "brings shame and disgrace."
* Children are expected to take care of their parents, especially when they are advanced in years just as parents are to take care of their children, especially when they are young. Robbing a father is not only taking his money and possessions. It can also include not visiting him and keeping his grandchildren from spending time with him.
Driving out one's mother is not only forcing her into the streets to fend for herself, but it may also be not visiting her and keeping her grandchildren from spending time with her.
Becoming a parent is a unique experience. Since no two children are alike and parents are unique the advice they receive concerning the parent-child relationship can be helpful, but then again may not apply to their unique experience. Both children and parents need to learn how to express love and respect to last a lifetime.
Paul wrote in Ephesians 6:1-3. "Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right. "Honor your father and mother"--which is the first commandment with a promise-- "that it may go well with you and that you may enjoy long life on the earth."
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:26.
* This drawing in public domain is drawing by W. Westall, A.R.A. and engraved by E. Francis.
The titled is "Canterbury". A depiction of Calne in the background of a scene by a river. Women and children sit on the grass while cows graze nearby. Across a wooden and stone bridge there is a man fishing in the river and a cow walking down a lane. In the background, towers and pointed roofs are visible.
Courtesy of the Digital Image Archive, Pitts Theology Library, Candler School of Theology, Emory University: http://www.pitts.emory.edu.
>Can having an open mind to learning ever end? (27)
* Proverbs 19:27 "Stop listening to instruction, my son, and you will stray from the words of knowledge."
* "Stop listening"
* "to instruction"
* "my son"
* "you will stray from the words of knowledge." -"Shaga emer daat" (a transliteration) in the original Hebrew. "Shaga" means "err" and "wander". "Emer" means "words", "speeches", and "sayings". "Daat" is a very common word in the book of Proverbs because it means "knowledge". The word structure causes translations to differ in emphasis. The KJV adds "that causeth" before this phrase. ASV ads "only" before this phrase. The NIV, HCSB (Holman Christian Standard Bible), GW (God's Word), and SCB (Christian Standard Bible) add "you will stray from". YLT (Young's Literal Translation) does not add anything before this phrase, and thus simply has "to err from sayings of knowledge".
* This proverb means one thing to me this morning. Stop my spiritual habit of listening to God's instruction through the Spirit and the Word and I will begin to stray from the words of knowledge. The apostles were no different. Even though Jesus taught them they still committed the same errors. Remembering for most involved repetition.
Listen to the above comments on Proverb 19:27.
>What does it mean to gulp down evil and how is it related to corruption?
* Proverbs 19:28 "A corrupt witness mocks at justice, and the mouth of the wicked gulps down evil."
* "A corrupt witness" -"Corrupt" is "beliyaal" (a transliteration) in the original Hebrew which is a personification of wickedness and ungodliness alluded to in the Old and New Testaments. The meaning of the phrase "ungodly witness", "worthless witness", and "corrupt witness" (depending on the translation) in this proverb is similar to a "false witness" elsewhere in the book of Proverbs, though distinctly different in that here the person has hostile intent while a false witness can have other motivators to lie and deceive.
* "mocks at justice"
* "the mouth of the wicked"
* "gulps down evil."
* An "false" witness is in proverbs 6:19, 12:17, 14:5, 25, 19:5, and 21:28.
>What is the difference between penalties and beatings and when will they have the desired results?
* Proverbs 19:29 "Penalties are prepared for mockers, and beatings for the backs of fools."
* "Penalties" -See verse 25 and comments where "flog a mocker" is opposed to "rebuke a discerning man". The original Hebrew word "shepet" is translated as "judgment" in some other English translations. "Shepet", a nown is from the primitive root "shaphat", a verb meaning "a judge pronouncing a sentence".
* "are prepared" -"Kun" in the original Hebrew is elsewhere translated establish, (made) ready, fixed, set, direct, order, fashion, certain, confirmed, and provide. Thus, the first half of the proverb is referring to a judge pronouncing a sentence based on the Law of God given through Moses. The Mosaic law has made up punishment and blessing based on a person's life-style choices whether conscious decisions or impulses.
* "for mockers" -"Lis" in the original Hebrew can also be translated "scorner".
* "beatings" -"Mahalumot", only used twice in the Hebrew Bible is derived from the primitive root word "halam" which is used in more places. The KJV, ASV, and YLT poetically translates this word as "stripes" for the back while others use "beatings" for the back.
* "for the backs of fools." -The original Hebrew for "back" is "gew" referring to the body part where the shoulder blades are. "Fools" is "kesil".
